6th Class: I Can Handle It

In todays class we learned about the Oil System in the car, bellow is a detailed explaination of today's class.

 

Main Components of the Oil System in the car:-

• Oil Pump
• • The oil pump is the heart of the lubricating system.
  • Just as the human heart circulates blood through veins and engine's oil pump circulates oil through passages in the engine.

• Oil Pump Pickup

• • The oil pump pickup is a line from the oil pump to the oil stored in the oil pan.
  • It usually contains a filter screen, which is submerged in the oil at all times.
  • The screen servers to keep large particles from reaching the oil pump.

•   Oil Pan or Sump

• • The oil pan attaches to the crankcase of block.
  • It serves as the reservoir fro the engine's oil.
  • It is designed to hold the amount of oil needed to lubricate the engine when it is running, plus a reserve.
  • The oil pan helps to cool the oil through its contact with the outside air.

Pressure Relief Valve

• • Since the oil pump is a positive displacement pump, an oil pressure relief valve is included in the system to prevent excessively high system pressures from occurring as engine speed is increased.
  • Once the oil pressure exceeds a preset limit, the spring-loaded pressure relief valve opens and allows the excess oil to by-pass the rest of the system and return directly to the sump or oil pan.

• Oil Filter

• • All the oil that leaves oil pump is directed to the oil filter.
  • This insures that very small particles of dirt and metal suspended in the oil will not reach the close fitting parts, causing premature wear.

• Oil Filter Element

• • Oil from the engine's oil pump enters the filter and passes through the element of the filter.
  • From the element, the oil flows into the engine's main oil gallery.

• Oil Filter Mounting

• • The filter is usually mounted and sealed to an adapter that bolts to the engine block.
  • However, it may be remotely mounted with oil lines connecting the filter mount to the oil galleries in the engine block.

• Drain Back Valve

• • Some oil filters have an anti-drain back valves that prevents oil drainage from the filter when the engine is not running.
  • This allows for a supply of filtered oil to the engine as soon as the engine is started.

• Full Flow Oil System
• • Today's engines have a full-flow oil system.
  • All the oil going to the engine's moving parts goes through the filter first.

• Plugged Filter

• • Should the filter become plugged, a relief valve in the filter opens and allows the oil to bypass and go directly to the moving parts.

• Engine Oil Passages or Galleries

• • From the filter, the oil flows into the engine galleries.
  • These galleries consist of interconnecting passages that have been drilled completely through the engine block during manufacturing.
  • The crankshaft also contains oil passages to route the oil form the main bearing to connecting rod bearings surfaces.

Oil Pressure Indicators
• • A cars driver can monitor oil by looking at the gauge, which indicates the engines oil pressure at all times, or a warning light that will come on whenever the engine is running with insufficient oil pressure.

• Oil Seals and Gaskets
• • These are used throughout the engine to prevent both external and internal oil leaks.
  • The most common materials used for sealing are synthetic rubber, soft plastics, fiber, and cork.
  • In critical areas, these materials might be bonded to a metal.

•  Dipstick

• • The dipstick is used to measure the level of oil in the oil pan.
  • The end of the stick is marked to indicate when the engine oil level is correct.
  • It also has a mark to indicate the need to add oil to the system.